28BYJ-48 5V Stepper Motor with ULN2003 Driver Module — 4-Phase, Arduino, PIC, AVR

28BYJ-48 5V Stepper Motor with ULN2003 Driver Module 4-Phase, Arduino, PIC, AVR

$6.88 USD

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28BYJ-48 5V Stepper Motor with ULN2003 Driver Board — 4-Phase, Arduino / PIC / AVR

The 28BYJ-48 is a 4-phase, 5-wire unipolar stepper motor with a built-in 1:64 gear reduction, providing precise low-speed rotation ideal for Arduino positioning projects. Paired with the ULN2003 driver board, it connects directly to any 5V microcontroller GPIO without additional power components.

Key Specifications

Parameter	Value
Motor Model	28BYJ-48
Supply Voltage	5V DC
Phase Configuration	4-phase, unipolar
Step Angle (no gear)	5.625° / step
Gear Ratio	1:64 (63.68:1 actual)
Steps per Revolution (full step)	2048 steps @ output shaft
No-Load Speed	~15 RPM @ 5V
Coil Resistance	~50Ω per phase
Coil Current	~100mA per phase
Driver IC	ULN2003A (Darlington array)
Driver Input	4 digital pins (IN1–IN4)

Step Modes

Mode	Steps/Rev	Torque	Resolution
Full Step (4-step)	2048	Higher	0.176°/step
Half Step (8-step)	4096	Lower	0.088°/step

Why Choose 28BYJ-48 + ULN2003?

1:64 Gear Reduction — High torque at low speed; holds position without power (detent torque)
2048 Steps/Rev — 0.176° resolution per full step for precise positioning
ULN2003 Driver Included — No additional components needed; connects directly to Arduino GPIO
5V Operation — Powered directly from Arduino 5V pin (at low duty cycle) or external 5V supply
Arduino Stepper Library — Supported by built-in Arduino Stepper library and AccelStepper

Typical Applications

Arduino clock mechanism and dial indicator
Camera pan/tilt positioning system
3D printer extruder (low-speed, high-torque)
Automated valve and damper control
Robotic arm joint positioning
Vending machine dispensing mechanism

Arduino Wiring & Code

Connect IN1–IN4 to Arduino pins 8–11. VCC→5V, GND→GND.
#include <Stepper.h>
Stepper myStepper(2048, 8, 10, 9, 11);
myStepper.setSpeed(10); // 10 RPM
myStepper.step(2048); // One full revolution

FAQ

Q: Can 28BYJ-48 be powered from Arduino’s 5V pin?
A: For brief movements yes, but continuous operation draws ~400mA (4 phases × 100mA) — exceeding Arduino’s 500mA USB limit. Use an external 5V supply for sustained use.

Q: What’s the actual gear ratio of 28BYJ-48?
A: The nominal ratio is 1:64, but the actual ratio is 63.68395:1, giving 2037.9 steps/rev in full-step mode. Most projects use 2048 for simplicity.